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The table below has the keywords that are available in the X# language.

The Keywords in the VO column find their origin in the Visual Objects language. When the compiler dialect is set to VO then these keywords may be abbreviated (4 letter minimum)

The Keywords in the VN column were introduced in Vulcan.NET. These keywords may never be abbreviated, and most of these keywords are positional, so are only recognized in certain positions in the language. That also means that these keywords may be used as Variable Names or Method names

The Keywords in the X# column were introduced in X#. Just like the VN keywords they may never be abbreviated and they are also positional.

Keywords that are listed in the Id column may also be used as an identifier. These are so called "context sensitive" keywords. You may see in the Visual Studio editor that these keywords will change color depending on the position in the source.
For example if you start typing PROPERTY the word will be shown in the IDENTIFIER color:

Keyword1

  But as soon as you continue to complete the PROPERTY definition it will get the KEYWORD color:

Keyword2

Keyword

VO

VN

X#

Id

Topic

Description

ABSTRACT

 

Y

 

Y

Modifiers

Class and Member Modifier

ACCESS

Y

 

 

 

Entities

Class Member

ADD

 

 

Y

Y

Entities

REMOVE Part of an Event

ALIGN

Y

 

 

Y

Entities

Part of VOSTRUCT declaration

ANSI

 

Y

 

Y

_DLL Functions

Character Encoding flag for _DLL declaration

ARRAY

Y

 

 

 

XBase Specific Types

XBase datatype

AS

Y

 

 

 

Statements, Parameters

Part of type specification

ASCENDING

 

 

Y

Y

LINQ Queries

Sort order in LINQ query

ASPEN

Y

 

 

Y

Calling Conventions

Calling Convention (obsolete)

ASSEMBLY

 

 

 

Y

Attributes

Global Attribute Target

ASSIGN

Y

 

 

 

Entities

Class Member

ASYNC

 

 

Y

Y

Statements

Entity Modifier for Async Processing

AUTO

 

Y

 

Y

_DLL Functions

Character Encoding flag for _DLL declaration. Also part of PROPERTY declaration.

AWAIT

 

 

Y

Y

Statements

Expression modifier for Async Processing

BEGIN

Y

 

 

 

Statements

Indicates the start of a Block

BREAK

Y

 

 

 

Statements

Breaks out of the current Begin Sequence .. END block

BY

 

 

Y

Y

LINQ Queries

Part of the "GROUP BY" clause in LINQ

BYTE

Y

 

 

 

Native Types

Native Type

CALLBACK

Y

 

 

Y

Calling Conventions

Calling Convention (obsolete)

CASE

Y

 

 

 

Statements

CASE clause of DO CASE statement. Also CASE cause of SWITCH statement.

CATCH

 

Y

 

 

Statements

CATCH clause of TRY statement

CCALL

Y

 

 

 

Pseudo Functions

Call function through Pointer (untyped) with strict calling convention

CCALLNATIVE

 

Y

 

 

Pseudo Functions

Call function through Pointer (untyped) with strict calling convention

CHAR

 

Y

 

Y

Native Types

Native Type

CHECKED

 

 

Y

Y

Statements, Expressions

Indicate that code in expression or block should not be checked for overflow

CLASS

Y

 

 

 

Entities

Part of CLASS declaration

CLIPPER

Y

 

 

Y

Calling Conventions

Calling Convention (All parameters are USUALs and Optional)

CODEBLOCK

Y

 

 

 

XBase Specific Types

XBase Specific Type

CONST

 

Y

 

Y

Entities

Class Member modifier

CONSTRUCTOR

 

Y

 

 

Entities

Class Member

DATE

Y

 

 

 

XBase Specific Types

XBase Specific Type

DECLARE

Y

 

 

Y

Statements

DECLARE METHOD, ACCESS, ASSIGN (obsolete)

DEFAULT

 

Y

 

Y

Pragma Statements, Expressions

#Pragma command, DEFAULT expression.

DEFINE

Y

 

 

Y

Entities

Constant

DELEGATE

 

Y

 

Y

Entities

User Defined Type

DESCENDING

 

 

Y

Y

LINQ Queries

Sort order in LINQ query

DESTRUCTOR

 

Y

 

 

Entities

Class Member

DIM

Y

 

 

Y

Statements

Part of variable declaration

DLLEXPORT

Y

 

 

Y

Entities

Part of function/procedure declaration (obsolete)

DO

Y

 

 

 

Statements

DO CASE and DO WHILE statements

DOWNTO

Y

 

 

Y

Statements

FOR NEXT statement

DWORD

Y

 

 

 

Native Types

Native Type

DYNAMIC

 

 

Y

Y

Native Types

Native Type

ELSE

Y

 

 

 

Statements

IF Statement

ELSEIF

Y

 

 

 

Statements

IF Statement

END

Y

 

 

 

Statements

End for many (block) statements

ENDCASE

Y

 

 

 

Statements

DO CASE statement

ENDDO

Y

 

 

 

Statements

DO WHILE statement

ENDIF

Y

 

 

 

Statements

IF statement

ENUM

 

Y

 

Y

Entities

User Defined Type

EQUALS

 

 

Y

Y

LINQ Queries

Part if LINQ Query

EVENT

 

Y

 

Y

Entities

Class Member

EXIT

Y

 

 

 

Statements

Exit current FOR, DO WHILE or REPEAT loop

EXPLICIT

 

Y

 

Y

Modifiers

Modifier for Operator

EXPORT

Y

 

 

 

Modifiers

Class member modifier

EXTERN

 

 

Y

Y

Modifiers

Class member modifier

FALSE

Y

 

 

 

Literals

Logic Literal

FASTCALL

Y

 

 

Y

Calling Conventions

Calling Convention (obsolete)

FIELD

Y

 

 

Y

Statements

Database field declaration

FINALLY

 

Y

 

 

Statements

TRY .. FINALLY statement

FIXED

 

 

Y

Y

Modifiers, Statements

BEGIN FIXED and Variable modifier

FLOAT

Y

 

 

 

XBase Specific Types

XBase Specific Type

FOR

Y

 

 

 

Statements

FOR NEXT statement

FOREACH

 

Y

 

Y

Statements

FOREACH IN NEXT statement

FROM

 

 

Y

Y

LINQ Queries

FROM clause in LINQ Queries

FUNC

Y

 

 

Y

Entities

Function declaration

FUNCTION

Y

 

 

 

Entities

Function declaration

GET

 

Y

 

Y

Entities

GET Part of a Property

GLOBAL

Y

 

 

Y

Entities

Global field declaration

GROUP

 

 

Y

Y

LINQ Queries

Part of the "GROUP BY" clause in LINQ

HIDDEN

Y

 

 

 

Modifiers

Class member modifier

IF

Y

 

 

 

Statements, Pseudo Functions

IF Statement and IF(..,..,..) Immediate IF

IIF

Y

 

 

 

Pseudo Functions

Immediate IF

IMPLEMENTS

 

Y

 

Y

Entities

Part of CLASS declaration

IMPLICIT

 

Y

 

Y

Modifiers

Modifier for Operator

IMPLIED

 

Y

 

Y

Statements

Variable declaration with implied type

IN

Y

 

 

Y

Workarea, LINQ Queries

FIELD declaration, FOREACH IN NEXT statement

INHERIT

Y

 

 

Y

Entities

Part of CLASS declaration

INITONLY

 

Y

 

Y

Modifiers

Class member modifier

INSTANCE

Y

 

 

Y

Fields

Class Member declaration

INT

Y

 

 

 

Native Types

Native Type

INT64

 

Y

 

 

Native Types

Native Type

INTERFACE

 

Y

 

Y

Entities

User Defined Type

INTO

 

 

Y

Y

LINQ Queries

INTO CLause for LINQ Queries

INTERNAL

 

Y

 

Y

Modifiers

Class and Member modifier

IS

Y

 

 

 

Statements, Parameters

Part of type specification

JOIN

 

 

Y

Y

LINQ Queries

JOIN Clause for LINQ Query

LET

 

 

Y

Y

LINQ Queries

LET Clause for LINQ Query

LOCAL

Y

 

 

 

Statements

Local Variable Declaration

LOCK

 

Y

 

Y

Statements

BEGIN LOCK statement

LONG

Y

 

 

 

Native Types

Native Type

LONGINT

Y

 

 

 

Native Types

Native Type

LOOP

Y

 

 

 

Statements

Goto start of FOR, DO WHILE or REPEAT loop

MEMBER

Y

 

 

 

Entities

VOSTRUCT fields

MEMVAR

Y

 

 

 

Statements

dBase Style Variable declararion

METHOD

Y

 

 

 

Entities

Class Member

MODULE

 

 

Y

Y

Attributes

Global Attribute Target

NAMEOF

 

 

Y

Y

Pseudo Functions

Return Name of parameter or variable

NAMESPACE

 

Y

 

Y

Entities

BEGIN NAMESPACE

NEW

 

Y

 

Y

Modifiers

Class Member modifier

NEXT

Y

 

 

 

Statements

FOR and FOREACH statement

NIL

Y

 

 

 

Literals

Empty USUAL

NOP

 

 

Y

Y

Literals

"Do Nothing" statement

NULL

Y

 

 

 

Literals

Untyped NULL Literal

NULL_ARRAY

Y

 

 

 

Literals

Typed NULL Literal

NULL_CODEBLOCK

Y

 

 

 

Literals

Typed NULL Literal

NULL_DATE

Y

 

 

 

Literals

Typed NULL Literal

NULL_OBJECT

Y

 

 

 

Literals

Typed NULL Literal

NULL_PSZ

Y

 

 

 

Literals

Typed NULL Literal

NULL_PTR

Y

 

 

 

Literals

Typed NULL Literal

NULL_STRING

Y

 

 

 

Literals

Typed NULL Literal

NULL_SYMBOL

Y

 

 

 

Literals

Typed NULL Literal

OBJECT

Y

 

 

 

Native Types

Native Type

OFF

 

Y

 

 

Pragma Statements

#Pragma command

ON

 

Y

 

Y

Pragma Statements

#Pragma command

OPERATOR

 

Y

 

Y

Entities

Class Member

OPTIONS

 

Y

 

 

Pragma Statements

#Pragma command

ORDERBY

 

 

Y

Y

LINQ Queries

ORDERBY Class in LINQ Expression

OTHERWISE

Y

 

 

 

Statements

Default block for DO CASE and SWITCH statements

OVERRIDE

 

 

Y

Y

Modifiers

Class Member modifier

OUT

 

 

 

Y

Parameters

Part of parameter type specification

PARAMETERS

Y

 

 

 

Statements

dBase style parameter declaration

PARAMS

 

 

Y

Y

Parameters

Part of parameter type specification

PARTIAL

 

Y

 

Y

Modifiers

Class modifier

PASCAL

Y

 

 

Y

Calling Conventions

Calling Convention

PCALL

Y

 

 

 

Pseudo Functions

Call function through Pointer (untyped) with pascal calling convention

PCALLNATIVE

 

Y

 

 

Pseudo Functions

Call function through Pointer (untyped) with pascal calling convention

PCOUNT

Y

 

 

 

Pseudo Functions

# of Arguments received by method / function with Clipper Calling Convention

POP

 

Y

 

 

Pragma Statements

#pragma Command

PRIVATE

Y

 

 

 

Modifiers,Statements

Class or Member modifier, dBase Style Variable declararion

PROC

Y

 

 

Y

Entities

Procedure declaration

PROCEDURE

Y

 

 

 

Entities

Procedure declaration

PROPERTY

 

Y

 

Y

Entities

Class Member

PROTECTED

Y

 

 

 

Modifiers

Class and Member modifier

PSZ

Y

 

 

 

XBase Specific Types

XBase Specific Type

PTR

Y

 

 

 

Native Types

Native Type (unsafe)

PUBLIC

Y

 

 

 

Modifiers, Statements

Class or Member modifier, dBase Style Variable declararion

PUSH

 

Y

 

 

Pragma Statements

#pragma Command

REAL4

Y

 

 

 

Native Types

Native Type

REAL8

Y

 

 

 

Native Types

Native Type

RECOVER

Y

 

 

 

Statements

BEGIN SEQUENCE ... Statement

REF

Y

 

 

 

Parameters

Part of parameter specification

REMOVE

 

 

Y

Y

Operators

REMOVE Part of an Event

REPEAT

 

Y

 

 

Statements

REPEAT Statement

RETURN

Y

 

 

 

Statements

RETURN statement

SCOPE

 

Y

 

Y

Statements

BEGIN SCOPE statement

SEALED

 

Y

 

Y

Modifiers

Type modifier

SELECT

 

 

Y

Y

LINQ Queries

SELECT clause of LINQ Query

SELF

Y

 

 

 

Literals, Parameters

Reference to SELF object, Also part of Parameters declaration for Extension Methods

SEQUENCE

Y

 

 

Y

Statements

BEGIN SEQUENCE ... Statement

SET

 

Y

 

Y

Entities

SET Part of a Property

SHORT

Y

 

 

 

Native Types

Native Type

SHORTINT

Y

 

 

 

Native Types

Native Type

SIZEOF

 

Y

 

 

Pseudo Functions

Calculate the size of a type

STATIC

Y

 

 

 

Modifiers, Statements

Class, Member of Variable Modifier

STEP

Y

 

 

Y

Statements

FOR .. NEXT statement

STRICT

Y

 

 

Y

Calling Conventions

Calling Convention

STRING

Y

 

 

 

Native Types

Native Type

STRUCT

Y

 

 

 

Entities

User Defined Value Type

STRUCTURE

 

Y

 

Y

Entities

User Defined Value Type

SUPER

Y

 

 

 

Literals

Reference to SUPER class

SWITCH

 

 

Y

Y

Statements

SWITCH Statement

SYMBOL

Y

 

 

 

XBase Specific Types

xBase Type

THISCALL

Y

 

 

Y

Calling Conventions

Calling convention (obsolete)

TO

Y

 

 

 

Statements

FOR NEXT statement

THROW

 

Y

 

 

Statements

Throw an Exception

TRUE

Y

 

 

 

Literals

Logic Literal

TRY

 

Y

 

Y

Statements

TRY ... CATCH statement

TYPEOF

 

Y

 

 

Pseudo Functions

Same as _TypeOf()

UINT64

 

Y

 

 

Native Types

Native Type

UNCHECKED

 

 

Y

Y

Modifiers, Statements

Member modifier and BEGIN .. UNCHECKED statement

UNICODE

 

Y

 

Y

_DLL Functions

Character Encoding flag for _DLL declaration

UNION

Y

 

 

Y

Entities

User Defined Value Type

UNSAFE

 

 

Y

Y

Modifiers, Statements

Member modifier and BEGIN .. UNSAFE statement

UNTIL

 

Y

 

Y

Statements

REPEAT Statement

UPTO

Y

 

 

Y

Statements

FOR NEXT statement

USING

Y

 

 

Y

Entities, Statements

BEGIN .. USING statement and USING <NameSpace>

USUAL

Y

 

 

 

XBase Specific Types

XBase Specific Type

VALUE

 

Y

 

Y

Entities

Value place holder inside PROPERTY SET methods

VAR

 

 

Y

Y

Statements

Variable declaration with implied type

VIRTUAL

 

Y

 

Y

Modifiers

Member Modifier

VOID

Y

 

 

 

Native Types

Native Type

VOLATILE

 

 

Y

Y

Modifiers

Field and Variable modifier

VOSTRUCT

 

Y

 

Y

Entities

User Defined Value Type with VO semantics (AS/IS)

WARNINGS

 

Y

 

 

Pragma Statements

#Pragma command

_WINCALL

Y

 

 

Y

Calling Conventions

Calling Convention (obsolete)

WHERE

 

 

Y

Y

LINQ Queries

WHERE Clause in LINQ Expressions

WHILE

Y

 

 

 

Statements

DO WHILE .. Statement

WORD

Y

 

 

 

Native Types

Native Type

YIELD

 

 

Y

Y

Statements

YIELD .. EXIT and YIELD .. RETURN statements

__ARGLIST

 

 

Y

 

Operators

Varargs local variable for functions with ... (Ellipses) parameter

_AND

Y

 

 

 

Operators

Logical Operator

_CAST

Y

 

 

 

Operators

Cast operator

_CODEBLOCK

Y

 

 

 

XBase Specific Types

xBase Type

_DLL

Y

 

 

 

Entities

_DLL Function

_FIELD

Y

 

 

 

Statements

Field prefix to

_GETFPARAM

 

 

 

 

Pseudo Functions

Gets Parameter in method/function with Clipper calling convention

_GETMPARAM

 

 

 

 

Pseudo Functions

Gets Parameter in method/function with Clipper calling convention

_INIT1, _INIT2, _INIT3

Y

 

 

 

Entities

Procedure statement

_NOT

Y

 

 

 

Operators

Logical Operator

_OR

Y

 

 

 

Operators

Logical Operator

_SIZEOF

Y

 

 

 

Pseudo Functions

Calculate size of type

_TYPEOF

Y

 

 

 

Pseudo Functions

Calculate type of variable

_XOR

Y

 

 

 

Operators

Logical Operator

.AND.

Y

 

 

 

Operators

Logical Operator

.F.

Y

 

 

 

Literals

Logic Literal

.NOT.

Y

 

 

 

Operators

Logical Operator

.OR.

Y

 

 

 

Operators

Logical Operator

.T.

Y

 

 

 

Literals

Logic Literal

.XOR.

Y

 

 

 

Operators

Logical Operator

...

Y

 

 

 

Parameters

Ellipses (varargs) parameter

#command

 

Y

 

 

Preprocessor Directives

Preprocessor

#define

 

Y

 

 

Preprocessor Directives

Preprocessor

#else

 

Y

 

 

Preprocessor Directives

Preprocessor

#endif

 

Y

 

 

Preprocessor Directives

Preprocessor

#endregion

 

Y

 

 

Preprocessor Directives

Preprocessor

#ifdef

 

Y

 

 

Preprocessor Directives

Preprocessor

#ifndef

 

Y

 

 

Preprocessor Directives

Preprocessor

#include

 

Y

 

 

Preprocessor Directives

Preprocessor

#line

 

Y

 

 

Preprocessor Directives

Preprocessor

#pragma

 

Y

 

 

Pragma Statements

Preprocessor

#region

 

Y

 

 

Preprocessor Directives

Preprocessor

#translate

 

Y

 

 

Preprocessor Directives

Preprocessor

#undef

 

Y

 

 

Preprocessor Directives

Preprocessor

#using

 

Y

 

 

Namespace

Obsolete: use USING in stead

#warning

 

Y

 

 

Preprocessor Directives

Preprocessor

#xcommand

 

Y

 

 

Preprocessor Directives

Preprocessor

#xtranslate

 

Y

 

 

Preprocessor Directives

Preprocessor